Mathematics
Algebra, trigonometry, logarithms, and logic — the math under CS.
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- Algebra & FunctionsVariables, equations, and functions — the language used to describe every algorithm.intro
- Exponents & LogarithmsWhy log n is small, exponential growth is scary, and both run through complexity analysis.easy
- Logic & SetsBoolean logic and truth tables — the foundation of conditions, circuits, and proofs.easy
- Number TheoryPrimes, gcd, and modular arithmetic — the math that powers cryptography and hashing.medium
- TrigonometryAngles and the sine/cosine/tangent ratios — essential for graphics, robotics, and signals.easy
- Sets & CombinatoricsCounting arrangements and selections with factorials, permutations, and combinations.medium
- ProbabilityEvents, independence, expected value, and how randomness settles down over many trials.medium
- Linear AlgebraVectors and 2x2 matrices as transformations of space, with the determinant as area.medium
- CalculusDerivatives as the instantaneous slope of a curve — the math behind optimization.hard
- StatisticsMean, spread, distributions, sampling, and the Central Limit Theorem that makes the normal curve appear everywhere.medium
- Discrete MathematicsProof by induction, the pigeonhole principle, and solving recurrences — the reasoning toolkit of computer science.medium
- Sequences & SeriesArithmetic and geometric sequences, partial sums, and how a series converges to a limit or diverges to infinity.medium
- Graph TheoryVertices and edges, degree, paths and cycles, trees, coloring, and the difference between Euler and Hamiltonian paths.medium